A new report from the London-based Henry Jackson Society has raised concerns about a wave of state-led information warfare targeting the United Kingdom and its Western allies. Drawing on official data, parliamentary testimony, and primary intelligence, the report reveals how Russia, China, and Iran are mounting coordinated campaigns to manipulate debate, undermine institutions, and weaken public trust across the West.

The report details that hostile-state actors were behind a series of cyber incidents reported in the UK. The analysis describes Russian disinformation campaigns linked to elections, China’s network of digital amplifiers and local proxies, and Iranian cyber-espionage aimed at British targets.

The Henry Jackson Society concludes that without a far more robust response, including coordinated government action, modernised laws, and stronger public resilience, the UK and its allies will face increasing risks of electoral interference, institutional mistrust, and ongoing national vulnerability.